Clinical question

  1. 4%-7% of the population have palpable thyroid nodules
  2. 17%-46% detected by ultrasound
  3. 60% of the population have thyroid nodules
  4. 7-15% of thyroid nodules are malignant
  5. Fine needle aspiration (FNA), accurately classify 62%-85% of thyroid as benign
  6. 1/3 of thyroid nodules are deemed indeterminate by cytopathology
  7. 75% of indeterminate nodules undergone surgery, with the majority of these nodules being benign

An on-going critical clinical need to develop molecular tests for more precise and accurate diagnosis of these indeterminate thyroid nodules.

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[1] Fagin JA & Wells SA, Jr. (2016). N Engl J Med 375, 1054-1067

[2] Li Y, et al. (2021). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 12, 676144

[3] Zhou J, et al.(2020) Endocrine 70, 256-279

[4] K. D. Burman, L. Wartofsky. (2015). N Engl J Med 373, 2347-2356

[5] C. Durante et al. (2018). JAMA 319, 914-924

Preoperative evaluation of thyroid nodules

Untargeted proteomics study

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  1. Patients ：578
  2. FFPE punches：1724
  3. Method：PCT-DIA-MS
  4. Proteins：6689

Publication link:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41421-022-00442-x

Sample info.xlsx

Protein matrix

Preoperative evaluation of thyroid nodules

Targeted proteomics study

描述

A diagnostic classifier (ThyroProt)

Histopathologic results
Variable Bethesda II to VI nodules Bethesda III to V nodules Bethesda III & IV nodules
ThyroProt results Malignant Benign Malignant Benign Malignant Benign
Malignant/positive, No. 169 3 63 1 15 1
Benign/negative, No. 31 160 14 33 3 31
AUC 0.94 0.91 0.88
Accuracy, % (95% CI) 90.6 (90.6-90.7) 86.5 (86.3-86.7) 92.0 (91.7-92.3)
Sensitivity, % (95% CI) 84.5 (79.5-89.5) 81.8 (73.2-90.4) 83.3 (66.1-100)
Specificity, % (95% CI) 98.2 (96.1-100) 97.1 (91.4-100) 96.9 (90.8-100)
PPV, % (95% CI) 98.3 (96.3-100) 98.4 (95.4-100) 93.8 (81.9-100)
NPV, % (95% CI) 83.8 (78.5-89.0) 70.2 (57.1-83.3) 91.2 (81.6-100)

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